Forensic Sciences


Importance and Role of Physical Evidences in Forensic Science

Article Number: LYP894982 Volume 02 | Issue 01 | April - 2019 ISSN: 2581-4273
05th Dec, 2018
10th Dec, 2018
12th Jan, 2019
20th Apr, 2019

Authors

Dr Nadeem Mubarik

Abstract

Forensic Science has seen tremendous transition through the ages and has emerged as an undetectable and integral part of the criminal justice system. There has been more and more dependence on this field and has led to the successful conviction of in large number of crooked criminal cases. There has been a communication gap in understanding the concept and the potential value of physical evidences starting from the fingerprints to DNA evidences. An attempt has been made to introduce the value of neglected physical evidences like traces of plant material, soil, and micro organisms. The challenges to DNA evidence posed in the form of full siblings have been explained and it is believed that still DNA profiling stands one of the most reliable forensic evidence at the crime scene, both in plants and animals, linking crime to the criminal. Keywords: Crime scene, epinephrine, Objective evidence, Deoxyribonucleic acid, Allele,

Introduction

Organism, starting from less evolved to highly developed like human being, live in a specific environment and as such, are modified accordingly with the external environmental stimuli. The behavior of an organism is dependent on the developmental stage of nervous system of the organism. More developed the nervous system, more phenotypic plasticity the organism will show and hence more complex the behavior of the organism will be. Despite being at the top of behavioral evolution, human beings like other organisms, have certain basic characteristics which are expressed under ambient external stimuli. These characters are not under the direct control of the individual, rather controlled by Autonomous Nervous System. For example, a person experiences extreme urination during stress, the heart rate escalates upon reading a sad news, etc. Similarly, human beings are evolved through ages with certain conserved basic characters which define the personality and moral character of the person. A person is born with these characters and ungrudgingly intends to cherish and follow these set of rules. Satisfaction, fulfillment of one’s wishes and desires, is one of such characters that is the end result, the individual is fighting for. A person climbs a peak for some inner satisfaction, other person works the whole day with an expectation of receiving some gain at the end of the day, which brings him satisfaction. This tendency is not limited to humans only but extends to other animals also. A dog comes up with strong resentment upon seeing an infiltrator claiming his territory in a specific area and after giving infiltrator, a successful bid, feels highly satisfied. Therefore, it can be claimed that every individual intends to progress towards attaining greater and greater satisfaction levels. Whenever some hurdle comes in the way of the progress of attainment, it is attempted to be removed whether legally or illegally. These hurdles may be in the form of deprivation of wealth, property, gaining supremacy, avoiding competition, avoiding disturbances in personnel life, etc. Attaining satisfaction through these material factors may force the person to opt for legal as well as illegal ways/methods. Any factor which comes in between an individual and his objective of satisfaction can be met with serious consequences. Therefore, an individual opting for illegal ways of attaining satisfaction is said to have committed a crime. This is a deviation from the normal behavior of an individual and is termed as Psychological disorder. The concept that a psychological disorder will intern produce various signs, are actually the basis of various techniques of crime detection.  

References

Coyle H M, Lee C L, Lin W Y, Lee H C Palmbach T M. Forensic Botany: Using Plant Evidence to Aid in Forensic Death Investigation. Croat Med J 2005; 46(4): 606-612.

Miller Coyle H, editor. Forensic botany: principles and applications to criminal casework. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press; 2005.

Szibor R, Schubert C, Schoning R, Krause D, Wendt U. Pollen analysis reveals murder season. Nature. 1998; 395:449-50.

Lee H C, Ladd C. preservation and collection of biological evidence. Croatian medical journal 2001; 42 (3): 225-228

Sharma A K, Ghosh T. High autosomal STR allele sharing between full siblings. Australian journal of forensic science. 2010; 42(2)

How to cite this article?

APA StyleMubarik, N. (2019). Importance and Role of Physical Evidences in Forensic Science. Academic Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2 (1), 18-22.
Chicago Style
MLA Style
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