Introduction

Classification of an individual whether is male or female is called sex determination (Black and Ferguson, 61). Determination of sex considered as one of the easiest and straightforward biological characteristics from remain human skeleton. Sex determination are done by the various skeleton remain like mandible, pelvis, scapula, sacrum etc. (Fairgrieve, 36). All living human beings have discrete trait due to which they are determined by genetic makeup. They have all identifiable characteristics that is used for the purpose to classify any individual into two categories such as male and female. In human skeleton, it is much more difficult to determine the sex on the basis of shape and size traits but sexing methods are categorized into two parts, one is morphological (shape) and second is metric (size) (Iscan, 143; Tarrant and Shirley, 139). The key components for determine the skeleton sex are archaeological and medicolegal contexts. More morphological aspects to specifying the sex from human skeleton are found in pelvis bone, not in other bones of body and metric differences are found in human skeleton skull as well as in postcranial skeleton. Both categories have highest accuracy rate, in which pelvic bone contain the 95% accuracy alone but both have the 98% accuracy (Tarrant and Shirley, 139). The determination of sex of skeleton is the concern problem for paleodemographers, paleoanthropologists and forensic scientists (http://medind.nic.in).

In this paper, we will discussed about the sex determination from pelvis bone which have the highest accuracy rate. Innominate bones or ossa coxae (ilium, ischium and pubic) and a sacrum bone are formed the pelvis bone in adulthood. Through these bone, bowl-shaped is created and support the lower trunk’s organ such as uterus, bladder, intestine and so forth. The bony structures are provided through the human pelvis and this structure makes the bipedal locomotion (upright walking) (Burns, 109). The bony structure is used to determine the sex of individual on basis of function of female pelvis which is different from the male pelvis (Matshes, 327). Female pelvis have selective pressure for childbirth but in case of too narrow pressure, her and her child’s life are in risk (Dirkmaat, 241).