Botanical Sciences
[Abbr: Acd. Jr. AJBS]Detection of Plant Diseases from Image Processing Techniques
by Abdul Shahzad
More than 80% population of India is depend on the agriculture. It is an important for the survival but some diseases in the plant and crops destroy them due to which a heavy loss are faced by the agricultural industry. The identification of plant diseases is very important to prevent form the heavy loss and more production of yield. The primary symptoms of plant disease are seen the leaf in the form of changing colour, showing the spots on it. In recent time, the identification of plant diseases are done by the eye observation but it is very time consuming and not much accurate. Different researcher has been developed different types of techniques for the detection of diseases. This paper represent the use of image processing technique for the recognition of plant diseases. This method have different types of algorithm with different database of plant species. Keywords: Yield, Disease, Image processing, Algorithm
Impact of Abiotic and Biotic Strain on the Plant
by Kalpesh sardhara, Kavit S. Mehta
Environment affects the plants in the different forms of stresses due to which the growth and development of plants are affected. These stresses may be abiotic such as drought, heat stress, and soil salinity or biotic such as pathogen, bacteria and viruses. Some plants have the ability to fight with these stresses by their morphological, physiological and biochemical activities. But all plants do not control the stresses and affected by these stresses and died because of the changes the activities of plant like reduction in the photosynthesis pigments, reduction in the transportation of water to plant parts etc. This review study shows the response of plants toward the different types of stresses by their activities and new technologies (genetic engineering), use of nutrient in the production of plants that can reduce the stress form the plants. Keywords: Abiotic, Biotic, Stress, Nutrient, Genetic Engineering
Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Biodiversity in India and Their Future Prospects
by R. K. Mishra
India has a unique environmental conditions, covering an extensive area rich in medicinal and aromatic biodiversities. It is defined as the region of high plant diversity and endemism due to its geographical position, its physical features, the flora and other types of vegetation existing in the past. Humans have found that diarrhoea can be cured by the plant which is astringent in taste, vomiting can be controlled by the plant which is acidic in taste, and the aromatic plant can arrest nausea. Medicinal and aromatic plants have qualitative and quantitative advantages therefore plays a vital role in country’s development. This review discuss about the current state of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant cultivation in India. Some medicinal plants and aromatic plants along with their commercial application are also discussed in this review. Keywords: Medicinal Plants, Aromatic Plants, Plant Biodiversity
Proteomics Technologies and its Application for Crop Improvement
by Harsha Sharma
Proteomics is defined as the study of interaction of cell and proteins. Proteomics is a useful tool in shifting from genomics to the complimentary protein of human within the wide field of functional OMICS. Proteomics is expected to produce better abberation markers for diagnosis and therapy of various deadly diseases because the proteome reflects more precisely on the basis of dynamic state of cell, tissue, or organism. The present review study is on the technologies of proteomics and their technologies and their applications for crop improvement.Mass spectroscopy has become an significant tool in the field of molecular and cellular biology and plays an important role in proteomics.The advent of proteomics has opened new doors for opportunities and challenges for those who are keen to know the depth of this field. Keywords: Bioinformatics, Mass Spectroscopy, Proteomics.
Role Phytochemicals play in the Disease Prevention
by Ravi Mahor
Plant materials have medicinal effects due to the combination of subordinate products present in them, which are known as phytochemicals. These are the chemical compounds that are biologically active in nature found in the fruits, vegetables and grains. These compounds are not essential for body but they play a role in promoting the health and preventing from diseases. Phenolic acids, Saponins, Lignans, Stilbenes, Tannins, Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Terpenoids and Sterols are a few phytochemicals. These phytochemical compounds also have the properties of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity as an excessive production of oxidant in the organism develops the chronic diseases like, cardiovascular disease (CVD), different types of cancer etc. These antioxidant compounds weaken the level of oxidative pressure of living organisms. This review present different sources of phytochemicals that display a beneficial role in the treatment and preventionof the diseases. By their bioactive properties, it suppress and treat the different types of diseases. Keywords: Phytochemical, Antioxidant, Diseases.